Entry

Definition

A Hurl file is a list of entries, each entry being a mandatory request, optionally followed by a response.

Responses are not mandatory, a Hurl file consisting only of requests is perfectly valid. To sum up, responses can be used to capture values to perform subsequent requests, or add asserts to HTTP responses.

Example

# First, test home title.
GET https://acmecorp.net
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
xpath "normalize-space(//head/title)" == "Hello world!"

# Get some news, response description is optional
GET https://acmecorp.net/news

# Do a POST request without CSRF token and check
# that status code is Forbidden 403
POST https://acmecorp.net/contact
[Form]
default: false
email: john.doe@rookie.org
number: 33611223344
HTTP 403

Description

Options

Options specified on the command line apply to every entry in an Hurl file. For instance, with --location option, every entry of a given file will follow redirection:

$ hurl --location foo.hurl

You can use an [Options] section to set option only for a specified request. For instance, in this Hurl file, the second entry will follow location (so we can test the status code to be 200 instead of 301).

GET https://google.fr
HTTP 301

GET https://google.fr
[Options]
location: true
HTTP 200

GET https://google.fr
HTTP 301

You can use the [Options] section to log a specific entry:

# ... previous entries

GET https://api.example.org
[Options]
very-verbose: true
HTTP 200


# ... next entries

Cookie storage

Requests in the same Hurl file share the cookie storage, enabling, for example, session based scenario.

Redirects

By default, Hurl doesn’t follow redirection. To effectively run a redirection, entries should describe each step of the redirection, allowing insertion of asserts in each response.

# First entry, test the redirection (status code and 'Location' header)
GET https://google.fr
HTTP 301
Location: https://www.google.fr/

# Second entry, the 200 OK response
GET https://www.google.fr
HTTP 200

Alternatively, one can use --location / --location-trusted options to force redirection to be followed. In this case, asserts are executed on the last received response. Optionally, the number of redirections can be limited with --max-redirs.

# Running hurl --location google.hurl
GET https://google.fr
HTTP 200

Finally, you can force redirection on a particular request with an [Options] section and the--location / --location-trusted options:

GET https://google.fr
[Options]
location-trusted: true
HTTP 200

Retry

Every entry can be retried upon asserts, captures or runtime errors. Retries allow polling scenarios and effective runs under flaky conditions. Asserts can be explicit (with an [Asserts] section), or implicit (like headers or status code).

Retries can be set globally for every request (see --retry and --retry-interval), or activated on a particular request with an [Options] section.

For example, in this Hurl file, first we create a new job then we poll the new job until it’s completed:

# Create a new job
POST http://api.example.org/jobs
HTTP 201
[Captures]
job_id: jsonpath "$.id"
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.state" == "RUNNING"


# Pull job status until it is completed
GET http://api.example.org/jobs/{{job_id}}
[Options]
retry: 10   # maximum number of retry, -1 for unlimited
retry-interval: 300ms
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.state" == "COMPLETED"

Control flow

In [Options] section, skip and repeat can be used to control flow of execution:

• skip: true/false skip this request and execute the next one unconditionally,
• repeat: N loop the request N times. If there are assert or runtime errors, the requests execution is stopped.

# This request will be played exactly 3 times
GET https://example.org/foo
[Options]
repeat: 3
HTTP 200

# This request is skipped
GET https://example.org/foo
[Options]
skip: true
HTTP 200

Additionally, a delay can be inserted between requests, to add a delay before execution of a request (aka sleep).

# A 5 seconds delayed request 
GET https://example.org/foo
[Options]
delay: 5s
HTTP 200

delay and repeat can also be used globally as command line options:

$ hurl --delay 500ms --repeat 3 foo.hurl

For complete reference, below is a diagram for the executed entries.