Filters

Definition

Captures and asserts share a common structure: query. A query is used to extract data from an HTTP response; this data can come from the HTTP response body, the HTTP response headers or from the HTTP meta-information (like duration for instance)...

In this example, the query jsonpath "$.books[0].name" is used in a capture to save data and in an assert to test the HTTP response body.

Capture:

Assert:

In both case, the query is exactly the same: queries are the core structure of asserts and captures. Sometimes, you want to process data extracted by queries: that’s the purpose of filters.

Filters are used to transform value extracted by a query and can be used in asserts and captures to refine data. Filters can be chained, allowing for fine-grained data extraction.

Example

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Captures]
name: jsonpath "$.user.id" replaceRegex /\d/ "x"
[Asserts]
header "x-servers" split "," count == 2
header "x-servers" split "," nth 0 == "rec1"
header "x-servers" split "," nth 1 == "rec3"
jsonpath "$.books" count == 12

Description

base64Decode

Decodes a Base64 encoded string into bytes.

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.token" base64Decode == hex,3c3c3f3f3f3e3e;

base64Encode

Encodes bytes into Base64 encoded string.

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
bytes base64Encode == "PDw/Pz8+Pg=="

base64UrlSafeDecode

Decodes a Base64 encoded string into bytes (using Base64 URL safe encoding).

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.token" base64UrlSafeDecode == hex,3c3c3f3f3f3e3e;

base64UrlSafeEncode

Encodes bytes into Base64 encoded string (using Base64 URL safe encoding).

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
bytes base64UrlSafeEncode == "PDw_Pz8-Pg"

count

Counts the number of items in a collection.

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.books" count == 12

daysAfterNow

Returns the number of days between now and a date in the future.

GET https://example.org
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
certificate "Expire-Date" daysAfterNow > 15

daysBeforeNow

Returns the number of days between now and a date in the past.

GET https://example.org
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
certificate "Start-Date" daysBeforeNow < 100

decode

Decodes bytes to string using encoding.

# The 'Content-Type' HTTP response header does not precise the charset 'gb2312'
# so body must be decoded explicitly by Hurl before processing any text based assert
GET https://example.org/hello_china
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
header "Content-Type" == "text/html"
# Content-Type has no encoding clue, we must decode ourselves the body response.
bytes decode "gb2312" xpath "string(//body)" == "你好世界"

first

Returns the first element from a collection.

GET https://example.org
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.books" first == "Dune"

format

Formats a date to a string given a specification format.

GET https://example.org
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
cookie "LSID[Expires]" format "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S" == "Wed, 13 Jan 2021 22:23:01"

htmlEscape

Converts the characters &, < and > to HTML-safe sequence.

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.text" htmlEscape == "a > b"

htmlUnescape

Converts all named and numeric character references (e.g. >, >, >) to the corresponding Unicode characters.

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.escaped_html[1]" htmlUnescape == "Foo © bar 𝌆"

jsonpath

Evaluates a JSONPath expression.

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Captures]
books: xpath "string(//body/@data-books)" 
[Asserts]
variable "books" jsonpath "$[0].name" == "Dune"
variable "books" jsonpath "$[0].author" == "Franck Herbert"

last

Returns the last element from a collection.

GET https://example.org
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.books" last == "Les Misérables"

location

Returns the target URL location of a redirection; the returned URL is always absolute, contrary to the Location header from which it’s originated that can be absolute or relative.

GET https://example.org/step1
[Options]
location: true
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
redirects count == 2
redirects nth 0 location == "https://example.org/step2"
redirects nth 1 location == "https://example.org/step3"

nth

Returns the element from a collection at a zero-based index, accepts negative indices for indexing from the end of the collection.

GET https://example.org/api
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.books" nth 2 == "Children of Dune"

regex

Extracts regex capture group. Pattern must have at least one capture group.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Captures]
param1: header "header1"
param2: header "header2" regex "Hello (.*)!"
param3: header "header2" regex /Hello (.*)!/
param3: header "header2" regex /(?i)Hello (.*)!/

The regex syntax is documented at https://docs.rs/regex/latest/regex/#syntax.

replace

Replaces all occurrences of old string with new string.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Captures]
url: jsonpath "$.url" replace "http://" "https://"
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.ips" replace ", " "|" == "192.168.2.1|10.0.0.20|10.0.0.10"

replaceRegex

Replaces all occurrences of a pattern with new string.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Captures]
url: jsonpath "$.id" replaceRegex /\d/ "x"
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.message" replaceRegex "B[aoi]b" "Dude" == "Welcome Dude!"

split

Splits to a list of strings around occurrences of the specified delimiter.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.ips" split ", " count == 3

toDate

Converts a string to a date given a specification format.

GET https:///example.org
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
header "Expires" toDate "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT" daysBeforeNow > 1000

ISO 8601 / RFC 3339 date and time format have shorthand format %+:

GET https://example.org/api/books
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.published" == "2023-01-23T18:25:43.511Z"
jsonpath "$.published" toDate "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%.fZ" format "%A" == "Monday"
jsonpath "$.published" toDate "%+" format "%A" == "Monday" # %+ can be used to parse ISO 8601 / RFC 3339

toFloat

Converts value to float number.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.pi" toFloat == 3.14

toHex

Converts bytes to hexadecimal string.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
bytes toHex == "d188d0b5d0bbd0bbd18b"

toInt

Converts value to integer number.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.id" toInt == 123

toString

Converts value to string.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.count" toString == "42"

urlDecode

Replaces %xx escapes with their single-character equivalent.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.encoded_url" urlDecode == "https://mozilla.org/?x=шеллы"

urlEncode

Percent-encodes all the characters which are not included in unreserved chars (see RFC3986) with the exception of forward slash (/).

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.url" urlEncode == "https%3A//mozilla.org/%3Fx%3D%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8B"

urlQueryParam

Returns the value of a query parameter in a URL.

GET https://example.org/foo
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
jsonpath "$.url" urlQueryParam "x" == "шеллы"

xpath

Evaluates a XPath expression.

GET https://example.org/hello_gb2312
HTTP 200
[Asserts]
bytes decode "gb2312" xpath "string(//body)" == "你好世界"